中國重要的石油化工經濟強(qiang)省共有6個,從北到南依次是遼(liao)寧、山東(dong)、江蘇、浙江、福建(jian)和廣東(dong),未來(lai)(lai)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)重(zhong)點布局也在該(gai)六(liu)省份(fen)。從分(fen)省石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)投資(zi)(zi)金額(e)來(lai)(lai)看(kan),六(liu)省份(fen)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項目(mu)總(zong)投資(zi)(zi)金額(e)為2萬億元,占(zhan)國內(nei)前六(liu)名(ming),累計(ji)投資(zi)(zi)金額(e)占(zhan)國內(nei)總(zong)投資(zi)(zi)額(e)的79.68%,如圖2所示。同時(shi),該(gai)六(liu)省份(fen)經濟實力(li)強大,從2021年GDP總(zong)量(liang)(liang)來(lai)(lai)看(kan)也是(shi)國內(nei)各省市中的佼佼者(zhe),如圖3所示。該(gai)六(liu)省份(fen)對石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項目(mu)依賴(lai)性高,石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項目(mu)投資(zi)(zi)體量(liang)(liang)大,下文將重(zhong)點分(fen)析一下石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)6強省的項目(mu)建設(she)情況。
浙(zhe)(zhe)江省原油(you)一次加(jia)工能(neng)(neng)力(li)8150萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),乙(yi)烯生產(chan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)640萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),省內重(zhong)點(dian)企業(ye)(ye)有(you)鎮(zhen)海(hai)(hai)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、浙(zhe)(zhe)江石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、寧(ning)波(bo)大榭、寧(ning)波(bo)科元、寧(ning)波(bo)中金(jin)、東華(hua)能(neng)(neng)源、浙(zhe)(zhe)江美福(fu)等。浙(zhe)(zhe)江省石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投資金(jin)額為5147.29億(yi)(yi)元,涵蓋(gai)24個石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),其中浙(zhe)(zhe)江石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工有(you)限公(gong)司4000萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投資1730億(yi)(yi)元,是目(mu)前世界(jie)上(shang)投資最(zui)大的單體(ti)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),也是迄今國內民營企業(ye)(ye)投資規模最(zui)大的項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。中石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)寧(ning)波(bo)鎮(zhen)海(hai)(hai)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)有(you)限公(gong)司擴建1500萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)油(you)、120萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乙(yi)烯項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)和高端(duan)合成新(xin)材料項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投資約1000億(yi)(yi)元,是目(mu)前中石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)最(zui)大的煉(lian)(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來浙(zhe)(zhe)江省為了推(tui)進石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工業(ye)(ye)轉型升(sheng)級(ji),招商(shang)引資煉(lian)(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),實現(xian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)行業(ye)(ye)高質量(liang)蓬勃發(fa)展(zhan),石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)品體(ti)系更加(jia)豐富(fu)。浙江(jiang)省寧波、舟山、嘉興、紹興等(deng)地區為主體的(de)杭州(zhou)灣石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)集群,逐步形(xing)成從石(shi)油煉制到(dao)基(ji)礎化(hua)(hua)(hua)工原(yuan)料(liao)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)工新材料(liao)、高端專用化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品完整(zheng)的(de)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)鏈條,還(huan)引進東華(hua)能(neng)源、巨化(hua)(hua)(hua)、萬華(hua)、臺塑、金發(fa)、逸(yi)盛等(deng)大(da)型民營(ying)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工企業(ye),大(da)力發(fa)展PDH、聚(ju)丙烯等(deng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項目,帶動石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)深(shen)加(jia)工、新材料(liao)、精(jing)細(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工等(deng)下游產(chan)業(ye)集約化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展,實現低碳能(neng)源轉型升級。山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)原(yuan)油(you)一(yi)次加工能(neng)力(li)20200萬(wan)噸/年,乙烯(xi)生產能(neng)力(li)291萬(wan)噸/年,重點石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企業有齊魯(lu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(600002)、濟南煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、青(qing)島(dao)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、東明石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、煙臺萬(wan)華(hua)、利(li)華(hua)益、京博石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、魯(lu)清石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)。山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)總(zong)(zong)投資(zi)金額為(wei)3378.9億元,山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)規劃(hua)、在建煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)類項目(mu)超過(guo)40個,其(qi)中涉(she)及煉(lian)油(you)、乙烯(xi)、芳烴(jing)、PP、PE、PDH等(deng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)。裕龍(long)島(dao)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)(一(yi)期(qi))總(zong)(zong)投資(zi)約(yue)1274億元,是(shi)山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)新舊動(dong)能(neng)轉換、產業結構(gou)調整的(de)(de)大(da)(da)型(xing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu),也是(shi)山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)單體最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)。山東省作為工(gong)(gong)(gong)業大省、制造(zao)業大省,在石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業上有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)產(chan)業規模優(you)勢,但(dan)也存在資源型(xing)(xing)和重化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)型(xing)(xing)產(chan)業占比高(gao)的(de)(de)特點,因(yin)此山東省需要加快新舊動能轉(zhuan)換,通(tong)過深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)地(di)煉產(chan)能整合的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)移,推動石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)升級。截至(zhi)目(mu)前,山東已整合淘汰11家獨(du)立煉廠,并引導科力達、恒源、富宇化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)企業確定轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)升級方向,重點發展可降解材料等(deng)精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)業。利華益、京博、東明、魯清、金誠等(deng)企業為代(dai)表的(de)(de)地(di)方煉油廠則借助原(yuan)料優(you)勢,大力推進烯烴、芳烴、PDH等(deng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)。目(mu)前山東地(di)煉正加速(su)發展高(gao)端化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)新材料、精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)產(chan)業。遼(liao)寧(ning)省原油一次加工能力14270萬噸/年(nian)(nian),乙烯生產能力421萬噸/年(nian)(nian),重(zhong)點(dian)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)企業(ye)(ye)有大(da)(da)連石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、撫順(shun)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、大(da)(da)連西太、遼(liao)陽石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、遼(liao)寧(ning)寶來(lai)、恒(heng)(heng)力石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、北方華錦(jin)等。遼(liao)寧(ning)省石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)總(zong)投(tou)資金額為2484.58億(yi)(yi)元,涵蓋(gai)14個石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu),其(qi)中(zhong)恒(heng)(heng)力石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)2000萬噸/年(nian)(nian)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)總(zong)投(tou)資740億(yi)(yi)元是遼(liao)寧(ning)投(tou)資規模最(zui)大(da)(da)的石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項目(mu)。遼(liao)寧(ning)作為石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產業(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)省,石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產業(ye)(ye)結構卻存在問題,如化(hua)(hua)(hua)工產業(ye)(ye)集中(zhong)度(du)較低,中(zhong)高(gao)端精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)工品投(tou)資有限,各地化(hua)(hua)(hua)工型(xing)企業(ye)(ye)在全(quan)國影響力非(fei)常小。近年來,遼寧省提出推動煉化行業優化產能結構,實現煉油、烯烴、芳烴煉化一體化發展,加快重大煉化一體化項目建設,推進中石油在煉化企業 “減油增化” 轉型發展。其中,中石油大慶石化、大慶煉化、錦州石化、錦西石化結構調整及煉油轉型升級項目陸續投產運行,大連石化長興島搬遷項目和吉林石化轉型升級項目正在速度建設。
恒力石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)2000萬噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目為(wei)國(guo)內七大(da)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)基地首個建成全面投產(chan)的項(xiang)(xiang)目,目前正(zheng)在(zai)加(jia)快啟動(dong)以“化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)”的新(xin)發(fa)展方向,在(zai)全國(guo)多地規劃建設化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)、精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)等領域的多個項(xiang)(xiang)目,目前已(yi)經確定投資240億元建設160萬噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)高(gao)性能(neng)樹脂(zhi)及新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)項(xiang)(xiang)目和年(nian)(nian)產(chan)260萬噸(dun)高(gao)性能(neng)聚酯(zhi)工(gong)程,企業(ye)在(zai)向精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)下(xia)游再擴(kuo)張(zhang)。未來遼寧省將(jiang)推進北(bei)方華錦聯合石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)有限公司1500萬噸(dun)/年(nian)(nian)煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目,發(fa)展精(jing)深加(jia)工(gong),重點發(fa)展11大(da)類精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)及化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)產(chan)品。廣東省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有茂名石化、中科煉化、惠州煉化、中海殼牌、巨正源、東華能源、新華粵石化、巴斯夫等。廣東石化項目總投資金額為4395億元,涵蓋20個石化項目。廣東省大力推動內外資上下游配套和協同發展,政府加大招商引資力度,相繼吸引埃克森美孚、巴斯夫、殼牌等世界龍頭企業的高端外資項目落戶,其中巴斯夫一體化項目、埃克森美孚120萬噸乙烯項目、中海殼牌惠州三期正在有序推進建設。廣東省形成了從上游原料開采、煉油、乙烯生產,到下游新材料加工、合成樹脂、橡膠及精細化工的完整石化產業鏈。
廣(guang)(guang)東省以茂名(ming)(ming)、惠(hui)(hui)州(zhou)、廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)、湛江(jiang)、珠海(hai)等為主體的珠三角(jiao)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業集群,依托中科、惠(hui)(hui)州(zhou)、茂名(ming)(ming)等大(da)型煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基地(di),在沿(yan)海(hai)布局廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)、惠(hui)(hui)州(zhou)大(da)亞灣(wan)、湛江(jiang)東海(hai)島、茂名(ming)(ming)、揭陽大(da)南海(hai)五(wu)大(da)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基地(di)和園(yuan)區(qu),重(zhong)點發(fa)展(zhan)高端(duan)精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工產(chan)品和化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工新(xin)材料。目前中石油廣(guang)(guang)東石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、恒力(li)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(惠(hui)(hui)州(zhou))500萬(wan)(wan)噸/年PTA、中國石油吉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(揭陽)60萬(wan)(wan)噸/年ABS等項目即將投產(chan)。對(dui)于(yu)成品油來說(shuo),將補充廣(guang)(guang)東地(di)區(qu)部分成品油需求(qiu)缺口。對(dui)于(yu)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)行業來說(shuo),充分發(fa)揮原料加(jia)工潛力(li),優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)品結(jie)構,煉油、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan),將大(da)幅增強華南地(di)區(qu)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)競爭力(li)。江蘇省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有金陵石化、揚子石化、江蘇新海、盛虹石化、斯爾邦石化、連云港衛星石化等企業。江蘇省石化項目總投資金額為2260億元,涵蓋14個石化項目。江蘇省是重要的石化生產基地,同時也是中國重要的化工生產、倉儲集散地。在長江沿線還分布著眾多小規模化工生產和大型石化倉儲企業,例如張家港孚寶、歐德油儲、南通焯晟、太倉陽鴻、常州宏川等企業。
江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)擬(ni)在建石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)少(shao),這(zhe)主(zhu)要與近(jin)年來該省(sheng)(sheng)重點加強安(an)全生產(chan)和長江(jiang)(jiang)環境綜(zong)(zong)合(he)治理密(mi)切相關(guan),在全省(sheng)(sheng)范圍內開展化(hua)(hua)工企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)治理專項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong),通過加強對新建石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)審批(pi)、嚴(yan)格(ge)限制(zhi)在長江(jiang)(jiang)沿線新建石(shi)(shi)油化(hua)(hua)工項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu),關(guan)停了(le)一批(pi)違規(gui)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)。目(mu)(mu)前(qian),江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)重點發(fa)(fa)展連(lian)云港(gang)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)園(yuan),招商引資了(le)盛虹石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)煉化(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)、連(lian)云港(gang)衛(wei)星石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)乙(yi)烯綜(zong)(zong)合(he)利(li)用、連(lian)云港(gang)斯爾邦丙(bing)烷產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)界(jie)基地等大型石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu),依托便(bian)利(li)港(gang)口(kou)運輸條件(jian),連(lian)云港(gang)化(hua)(hua)工園(yuan)區(qu)將逐步將成為江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的集中(zhong)地,未(wei)來將大力發(fa)(fa)展PDH、PP、PE、EVA、丙(bing)烯腈、可降解材料(liao)等項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)。福建省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有福建聯合、中化泉州、古雷石化、福海創、福建美得。中化學天辰等。福建省石化項目總投資金額為2751.5億元,涵蓋21個石化項目。從“不產一滴油”,到石化經濟大省,福建省的石化產業發生了天翻地覆的變化,石化項目像雨后春筍般拔地而起。
福(fu)(fu)建(jian)有湄洲灣石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)地(di)和漳州(zhou)(zhou)古(gu)雷(lei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)地(di)兩(liang)個(ge)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)地(di),其中湄洲灣石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)地(di)又包括泉港、泉惠(hui)、東吳(wu)3個(ge)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工業(ye)區(qu)。依(yi)托福(fu)(fu)建(jian)聯合、中化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)泉州(zhou)(zhou)和古(gu)雷(lei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)大型(xing)煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企業(ye),企業(ye)在加(jia)快推進現有煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目升(sheng)級,鼓勵采用(yong)輕(qing)質化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)原料,建(jian)設加(jia)氫裂化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、芳(fang)烴吸附分離等(deng)裝置(zhi),為(wei)下游提供更多烯(xi)烴、芳(fang)烴原料。政(zheng)府通過(guo)(guo)招商引資(zi)(zi),吸引一批(pi)具有臺(tai)資(zi)(zi)背景的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企業(ye),如泉州(zhou)(zhou)國亨化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學丙(bing)烷(wan)脫氫及聚丙(bing)烯(xi)項(xiang)(xiang)目,通過(guo)(guo)合理利用(yong)海(hai)外輕(qing)烴資(zi)(zi)源,有序發展輕(qing)烴裂解、烷(wan)烴脫氫等(deng)多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)烯(xi)烴產(chan)業(ye)。未來福(fu)(fu)建(jian)省重點發展高性(xing)能聚乙(yi)烯(xi)、高性(xing)能聚丙(bing)烯(xi)、EVA、己內(nei)酰胺(an)、PA6、PA66、MDI、TDI等(deng)產(chan)品,打(da)造高端(duan)樹脂、合成(cheng)纖維等(deng)新材料,促使(shi)產(chan)品邁向高端(duan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。6大省份煉化(hua)一體化(hua)項目(mu)代表全(quan)國(guo)化(hua)工產業趨(qu)勢和(he)未來
在國內煉(lian)(lian)油(you)產能過(guo)剩、競爭(zheng)加(jia)(jia)劇(ju)的(de)大背景下,煉(lian)(lian)油(you)力量(liang)亟需轉移,近(jin)年來石(shi)(shi)化(hua)項(xiang)目的(de)急劇(ju)增加(jia)(jia),預示著中國煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)行業正朝著一(yi)體化(hua)、規模化(hua)、集群(qun)化(hua)的(de)方向(xiang)發展。重點(dian)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)強省(sheng)將在保(bao)持(chi)優勢的(de)情況(kuang)下繼(ji)續(xu)良性發展,未來將圍繞(rao)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)原料多元(yuan)化(hua),推動基礎化(hua)工(gong)(gong)原料向(xiang)高端(duan)精(jing)細化(hua)學品和化(hua)工(gong)(gong)新材料延伸,加(jia)(jia)快“煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)一(yi)體化(hua)”重點(dian)項(xiang)目建設,促進石(shi)(shi)油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)萬億(yi)級產業集群(qun)發展,進一(yi)步優化(hua)國內石(shi)(shi)化(hua)產業布(bu)局。近(jin)年來(lai),國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)并持續推(tui)動石(shi)油化(hua)(hua)(hua)工行(xing)業發展,出臺一系列政(zheng)策以保證(zheng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)有序推(tui)進。據不完全統計(ji)(ji),中國(guo)(guo)新(xin)建、在建、規(gui)劃(hua)的(de)石(shi)油化(hua)(hua)(hua)工超(chao)億元項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(統計(ji)(ji)主要包括上游煉(lian)油化(hua)(hua)(hua)工生產項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),不含無機化(hua)(hua)(hua)工、化(hua)(hua)(hua)學制品、相關配套項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)等)共202個,目(mu)前124個項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)處于在建、公示或(huo)規(gui)劃(hua)階段(duan)。中國(guo)(guo)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)行(xing)業項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投(tou)資25625億元,其中在建規(gui)劃(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投(tou)資16196億元。除山西、上海、寧(ning)夏、內蒙古自治區等外的(de)23個省份均(jun)有分布,山東省(sheng)(sheng)石化項目總數(shu)量(liang)及擬建項目數(shu)均最多,其次(ci)是浙江省(sheng)(sheng)和廣東省(sheng)(sheng),但從(cong)投(tou)資金額來看(kan)浙江省(sheng)(sheng)居于(yu)首位,如圖(tu)1所示。從石化項目工藝技術來看,新項(xiang)目主要以煉化一體化轉型升級(ji)、輕烴(jing)綜合利用項(xiang)目為主。利用石(shi)腦油制烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)烴(jing)、催化裂解制烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)烴(jing)、原(yuan)油直接(jie)裂解烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)烴(jing)、丙(bing)烷脫氫制丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(PDH)等技術,大幅增加乙烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、丙(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等高(gao)附加值化學品(pin)產量,大力發展高(gao)端(duan)聚烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)烴(jing)、工(gong)程塑料PC、特種(zhong)合成橡膠等精細化工(gong)品(pin)。從石化新增產能來看,上述202個項目原油一次加工能力22200萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力5168萬噸/年,芳烴生產能力3769萬噸/年,PDH產能2339萬噸/年,PP產能2329萬噸/年,PE產能1940萬噸/年,苯乙烯產能1034萬噸/年,環氧丙烷產能559萬噸/年。隨著大型煉化一體化項目集中上馬,中國烯烴、芳烴供應量會繼續增長,如此巨大的產能集中投放,勢必會引發產能過剩,其中在建的124個石化項目中,在建原油一次加工能力產能14300萬噸/年,在建乙烯生產能力2768萬噸/年,在建芳烴能力1970萬噸/年,在建PDH產能1231萬噸/年,在建PP產能1510萬噸/年,在建PE產能955萬噸/年。煉油行業產能過剩的壓力正向石化行業傳導,未來烯烴、芳烴等行業需防范產能過剩風險。
從石化項目發展歷程來看,中國煉油格局正在發生翻天覆地的變化,受市場需求、原料品質、工藝技術等條件限制,初期主要以油品質量升級路線為主。近年來無論是主營中石化、中石油,還是民營浙江石化、恒力石化(600346)、盛虹煉化、福建古雷、萬華化學(600309)等企業紛紛加快全產業鏈布局,大力發展“大乙烯+高端聚烯烴”或者“大乙烯+化工新材料”路線。
另(ling)外,在建(jian)的124個石(shi)化項目中(zhong),衛星化學(002648)、東華能源(002221)、巨正源、齊翔騰達(002408)、匯豐(feng)石(shi)化、萬達天弘、福(fu)建(jian)中(zhong)景等一(yi)批民營企業聚(ju)(ju)焦(jiao)丙(bing)烷脫氫(PDH)、聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)烯和環氧丙(bing)烷等領(ling)域(yu)。殼牌、巴斯夫、埃克森美孚、英力士、利安德巴賽爾(er)等外資(zi)企業布局中(zhong)國市場,在廣東、浙江(jiang)、遼寧等省(sheng)通(tong)過獨資(zi)或者合資(zi)方(fang)式投資(zi)設廠,聚(ju)(ju)焦(jiao)高(gao)端聚(ju)(ju)烯烴彈(dan)性體、ABS、EVA等一(yi)批中(zhong)高(gao)端的高(gao)附(fu)加值(zhi)產(chan)品領(ling)域(yu)。來(lai)源:化工365