中國重(zhong)要的石油化工經濟強省共(gong)有6個,從北到南依次(ci)是遼寧、山東(dong)、江(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)、福建和廣東(dong),未來石(shi)化產(chan)業重點(dian)布局也在該六(liu)(liu)省份。從分省石(shi)化投(tou)(tou)資(zi)金(jin)額來看,六(liu)(liu)省份石(shi)化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總(zong)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)金(jin)額為2萬(wan)億元,占國內(nei)前六(liu)(liu)名,累計投(tou)(tou)資(zi)金(jin)額占國內(nei)總(zong)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)額的79.68%,如(ru)圖2所示。同時,該六(liu)(liu)省份經濟實(shi)力(li)強大,從2021年GDP總(zong)量來看也是國內(nei)各(ge)省市中的佼(jiao)(jiao)佼(jiao)(jiao)者,如(ru)圖3所示。該六(liu)(liu)省份對石(shi)化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)依賴性高,石(shi)化項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)體量大,下文(wen)將重點(dian)分析一(yi)下石(shi)化6強省的項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)建設情況。
浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)原(yuan)油一次加(jia)工能(neng)力(li)8150萬(wan)噸/年(nian)(nian),乙(yi)烯生產(chan)能(neng)力(li)640萬(wan)噸/年(nian)(nian),省(sheng)內重點(dian)企(qi)業(ye)有鎮海(hai)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、浙(zhe)江(jiang)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、寧波(bo)大(da)榭、寧波(bo)科元(yuan)(yuan)、寧波(bo)中(zhong)金、東華能(neng)源、浙(zhe)江(jiang)美福等。浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)金額為(wei)5147.29億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan),涵蓋(gai)24個石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),其中(zhong)浙(zhe)江(jiang)石(shi)油化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工有限公司(si)4000萬(wan)噸/年(nian)(nian)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)1730億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan),是目(mu)前世界上投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)最大(da)的單體(ti)產(chan)業(ye)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),也是迄(qi)今(jin)國內民營企(qi)業(ye)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)規模最大(da)的項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。中(zhong)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)寧波(bo)鎮海(hai)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)有限公司(si)擴建(jian)1500萬(wan)噸/年(nian)(nian)煉(lian)油、120萬(wan)噸/年(nian)(nian)乙(yi)烯項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)和高(gao)端合成新材(cai)料(liao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)總投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)約1000億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan),是目(mu)前中(zhong)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)最大(da)的煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。近年(nian)(nian)來浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)為(wei)了推進石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工業(ye)轉(zhuan)型升級,招(zhao)商引資(zi)(zi)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),實(shi)現(xian)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)行業(ye)高(gao)質量蓬勃(bo)發展,石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)品(pin)體(ti)系更加(jia)豐(feng)富。浙江省(sheng)寧波、舟山(shan)、嘉興、紹興等(deng)地區為(wei)主體(ti)的杭州灣石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)群,逐步形(xing)成從石(shi)(shi)油煉制到基礎化(hua)(hua)(hua)工原料、化(hua)(hua)(hua)工新材料、高端專用化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品完整的石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)鏈條,還引進東華能源(yuan)、巨(ju)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、萬華、臺(tai)塑、金發、逸盛等(deng)大型民營化(hua)(hua)(hua)工企業(ye),大力(li)發展(zhan)PDH、聚丙(bing)烯等(deng)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項目,帶動石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)深加工、新材料、精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)工等(deng)下(xia)游產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)約化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展(zhan),實(shi)現低碳能源(yuan)轉型升級。山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)原油一次加工能力20200萬噸/年(nian),乙烯生產(chan)能力291萬噸/年(nian),重點石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)企(qi)業有(you)齊魯(lu)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(600002)、濟南煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、青(qing)島(dao)煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、東(dong)明石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、煙(yan)臺萬華、利華益、京(jing)博(bo)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、魯(lu)清石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)。山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)總(zong)投資(zi)金額為(wei)3378.9億元,山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)規劃、在(zai)建煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)類項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)超過40個,其中涉(she)及煉(lian)(lian)油、乙烯、芳烴(jing)、PP、PE、PDH等(deng)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)。裕龍島(dao)煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(一期(qi))總(zong)投資(zi)約1274億元,是山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)新(xin)舊動能轉(zhuan)換(huan)、產(chan)業結構調整(zheng)的大型石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),也是山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)單體最大的石(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)。山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)作(zuo)為(wei)工(gong)業(ye)大省(sheng)(sheng)、制造(zao)業(ye)大省(sheng)(sheng),在(zai)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)上(shang)有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)規模優(you)(you)勢,但也存在(zai)資源型和(he)重(zhong)化(hua)(hua)型產(chan)業(ye)占比(bi)高的(de)特點(dian),因此山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)需要加快新舊動能轉換(huan),通過深(shen)化(hua)(hua)地煉產(chan)能整(zheng)合(he)的(de)轉移,推(tui)動石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)升級(ji)(ji)。截至目前(qian),山東(dong)已整(zheng)合(he)淘汰11家獨(du)立煉廠(chang),并引(yin)導科力達、恒(heng)源、富(fu)宇化(hua)(hua)工(gong)等(deng)(deng)企(qi)業(ye)確(que)定轉型升級(ji)(ji)方向(xiang),重(zhong)點(dian)發(fa)展可降(jiang)解材料等(deng)(deng)精細化(hua)(hua)工(gong)產(chan)業(ye)。利華益、京(jing)博(bo)、東(dong)明、魯(lu)清(qing)、金誠等(deng)(deng)企(qi)業(ye)為(wei)代表的(de)地方煉油廠(chang)則借助原料優(you)(you)勢,大力推(tui)進烯(xi)烴、芳烴、PDH等(deng)(deng)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目。目前(qian)山東(dong)地煉正加速發(fa)展高端化(hua)(hua)工(gong)新材料、精細化(hua)(hua)工(gong)等(deng)(deng)產(chan)業(ye)。遼(liao)寧(ning)省原油一次(ci)加工(gong)能力(li)14270萬噸/年,乙烯生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能力(li)421萬噸/年,重(zhong)點石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)有大(da)(da)連石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、撫順石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、大(da)(da)連西太、遼(liao)陽石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、遼(liao)寧(ning)寶(bao)來、恒力(li)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、北(bei)方華錦(jin)等。遼(liao)寧(ning)省石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目總投(tou)(tou)資金額(e)為2484.58億元(yuan),涵蓋(gai)14個石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目,其(qi)中恒力(li)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)2000萬噸/年煉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)總投(tou)(tou)資740億元(yuan)是(shi)遼(liao)寧(ning)投(tou)(tou)資規模(mo)最大(da)(da)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目。遼(liao)寧(ning)作為石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)大(da)(da)省,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構卻存在問題(ti),如(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集中度(du)較(jiao)低,中高端精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)品投(tou)(tou)資有限,各地化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)型企(qi)(qi)業(ye)在全國影響力(li)非常小。近年來,遼寧省提出推動煉化行業優化產能結構,實現煉油、烯烴、芳烴煉化一體化發展,加快重大煉化一體化項目建設,推進中石油在煉化企業 “減油增化” 轉型發展。其中,中石油大慶石化、大慶煉化、錦州石化、錦西石化結構調整及煉油轉型升級項目陸續投產運行,大連石化長興島搬遷項目和吉林石化轉型升級項目正在速度建設。
恒(heng)力(li)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)2000萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)煉化(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)為(wei)國(guo)內七大(da)石(shi)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)基地首個(ge)建(jian)成(cheng)全面投產(chan)的項(xiang)目(mu),目(mu)前正在加(jia)快(kuai)啟動以“化(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)”的新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發展方向,在全國(guo)多地規(gui)劃建(jian)設化(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)、精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)工(gong)等(deng)領域(yu)的多個(ge)項(xiang)目(mu),目(mu)前已經確定投資(zi)240億元建(jian)設160萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)高(gao)性(xing)能樹脂及新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)項(xiang)目(mu)和年(nian)產(chan)260萬(wan)噸(dun)高(gao)性(xing)能聚酯工(gong)程,企業(ye)在向精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)下游再擴張。未(wei)來遼寧省將推進北方華錦聯(lian)合石(shi)化(hua)(hua)有限公司1500萬(wan)噸(dun)/年(nian)煉化(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu),發展精(jing)深加(jia)工(gong),重點發展11大(da)類(lei)精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)工(gong)及化(hua)(hua)工(gong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)材(cai)料(liao)產(chan)品。廣東省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有茂名石化、中科煉化、惠州煉化、中海殼牌、巨正源、東華能源、新華粵石化、巴斯夫等。廣東石化項目總投資金額為4395億元,涵蓋20個石化項目。廣東省大力推動內外資上下游配套和協同發展,政府加大招商引資力度,相繼吸引埃克森美孚、巴斯夫、殼牌等世界龍頭企業的高端外資項目落戶,其中巴斯夫一體化項目、埃克森美孚120萬噸乙烯項目、中海殼牌惠州三期正在有序推進建設。廣東省形成了從上游原料開采、煉油、乙烯生產,到下游新材料加工、合成樹脂、橡膠及精細化工的完整石化產業鏈。
廣(guang)(guang)(guang)東(dong)(dong)省以(yi)茂(mao)(mao)名(ming)、惠州(zhou)、廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)、湛江(jiang)、珠海等(deng)為主體的珠三角石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)集群,依托(tuo)中(zhong)(zhong)科、惠州(zhou)、茂(mao)(mao)名(ming)等(deng)大(da)型煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)地(di)(di),在沿海布局廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)、惠州(zhou)大(da)亞灣、湛江(jiang)東(dong)(dong)海島、茂(mao)(mao)名(ming)、揭陽大(da)南(nan)海五大(da)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)地(di)(di)和園區(qu),重點發展高端精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工產(chan)品和化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工新材(cai)料(liao)。目(mu)(mu)前中(zhong)(zhong)石油廣(guang)(guang)(guang)東(dong)(dong)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、恒(heng)力(li)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(惠州(zhou))500萬噸/年(nian)PTA、中(zhong)(zhong)國石油吉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(揭陽)60萬噸/年(nian)ABS等(deng)項目(mu)(mu)即將(jiang)(jiang)投產(chan)。對于(yu)成品油來說,將(jiang)(jiang)補充廣(guang)(guang)(guang)東(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)部分成品油需求缺口。對于(yu)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)行業(ye)來說,充分發揮(hui)原料(liao)加工潛力(li),優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)品結(jie)構,煉(lian)油、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發展,將(jiang)(jiang)大(da)幅(fu)增強華南(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)競爭力(li)。江蘇省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有金陵石化、揚子石化、江蘇新海、盛虹石化、斯爾邦石化、連云港衛星石化等企業。江蘇省石化項目總投資金額為2260億元,涵蓋14個石化項目。江蘇省是重要的石化生產基地,同時也是中國重要的化工生產、倉儲集散地。在長江沿線還分布著眾多小規模化工生產和大型石化倉儲企業,例如張家港孚寶、歐德油儲、南通焯晟、太倉陽鴻、常州宏川等企業。
江蘇(su)省擬在(zai)建石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)少,這主(zhu)要(yao)與近年(nian)來該省重點加強(qiang)(qiang)安全(quan)生產(chan)(chan)和(he)長(chang)江環境綜合治理密切相關,在(zai)全(quan)省范圍內開展化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)治理專項(xiang)行動,通過加強(qiang)(qiang)對新建石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)審批、嚴格限制在(zai)長(chang)江沿線新建石(shi)(shi)油化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),關停了一(yi)批違(wei)規(gui)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)。目(mu)(mu)(mu)前,江蘇(su)省重點發(fa)展連(lian)云(yun)港(gang)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)園,招商(shang)引資了盛虹(hong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、連(lian)云(yun)港(gang)衛星(xing)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)乙烯(xi)綜合利用、連(lian)云(yun)港(gang)斯爾邦丙(bing)烷產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)界基地(di)等大型石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),依托(tuo)便利港(gang)口運輸條件,連(lian)云(yun)港(gang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)園區將逐步將成為(wei)江蘇(su)省石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的集中地(di),未(wei)來將大力發(fa)展PDH、PP、PE、EVA、丙(bing)烯(xi)腈、可降(jiang)解材料等項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)。福建省原油一次加工能力9495萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力357萬噸/年,重點石化企業有福建聯合、中化泉州、古雷石化、福海創、福建美得。中化學天辰等。福建省石化項目總投資金額為2751.5億元,涵蓋21個石化項目。從“不產一滴油”,到石化經濟大省,福建省的石化產業發生了天翻地覆的變化,石化項目像雨后春筍般拔地而起。
福(fu)建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)湄洲(zhou)灣石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)基地和漳(zhang)州(zhou)古雷石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)基地兩個石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)基地,其中湄洲(zhou)灣石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)基地又包括泉港、泉惠、東吳(wu)3個石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)區。依托福(fu)建(jian)(jian)聯合(he)(he)、中化(hua)(hua)泉州(zhou)和古雷石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)等大型煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye),企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在加快推進現有(you)(you)煉(lian)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目升級,鼓勵采用輕(qing)質化(hua)(hua)原料,建(jian)(jian)設加氫裂(lie)化(hua)(hua)、芳烴(jing)(jing)(jing)吸附分離等裝置,為下游提(ti)供(gong)更多(duo)烯烴(jing)(jing)(jing)、芳烴(jing)(jing)(jing)原料。政府通過招(zhao)商引資(zi),吸引一(yi)批(pi)具(ju)有(you)(you)臺(tai)資(zi)背景的石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye),如泉州(zhou)國亨化(hua)(hua)學丙(bing)烷脫(tuo)氫及聚丙(bing)烯項(xiang)目,通過合(he)(he)理利用海外輕(qing)烴(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源,有(you)(you)序發展輕(qing)烴(jing)(jing)(jing)裂(lie)解、烷烴(jing)(jing)(jing)脫(tuo)氫等多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)烯烴(jing)(jing)(jing)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。未來福(fu)建(jian)(jian)省重點發展高(gao)(gao)性(xing)能(neng)聚乙烯、高(gao)(gao)性(xing)能(neng)聚丙(bing)烯、EVA、己(ji)內酰胺、PA6、PA66、MDI、TDI等產(chan)品,打(da)造(zao)高(gao)(gao)端(duan)樹脂、合(he)(he)成纖維等新材料,促使產(chan)品邁向高(gao)(gao)端(duan)化(hua)(hua)。6大省份煉化一體化項(xiang)目代表全(quan)國化工(gong)產業(ye)趨勢和未(wei)來
在國(guo)(guo)內(nei)煉(lian)(lian)油(you)產能過(guo)剩、競爭加劇(ju)的(de)大背(bei)景下(xia),煉(lian)(lian)油(you)力量(liang)亟需(xu)轉移,近年來石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)項目的(de)急劇(ju)增加,預(yu)示著中國(guo)(guo)煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)行業(ye)正朝著一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、規(gui)模化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、集群(qun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)方向發(fa)展(zhan)。重點(dian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)省(sheng)將在保持優勢的(de)情況下(xia)繼(ji)續良性發(fa)展(zhan),未(wei)來將圍繞石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)原(yuan)料多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),推動基礎(chu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工原(yuan)料向高端(duan)精細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品和化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工新材料延伸,加快(kuai)“煉(lian)(lian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”重點(dian)項目建設,促進(jin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工萬億(yi)級產業(ye)集群(qun)發(fa)展(zhan),進(jin)一步優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產業(ye)布局。近年來,國家重視并持續推(tui)動石(shi)(shi)油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)行業(ye)發展,出(chu)臺一(yi)系列政策以保證石(shi)(shi)化(hua)重點項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)有(you)序(xu)推(tui)進。據不完全統(tong)計(ji),中國新建(jian)、在(zai)建(jian)、規劃的石(shi)(shi)油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)超億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(統(tong)計(ji)主要包括(kuo)上游(you)煉油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)生產(chan)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),不含無機(ji)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)、化(hua)學制品、相關配(pei)套項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)等)共202個,目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前124個項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)處于在(zai)建(jian)、公示或(huo)規劃階段(duan)。中國石(shi)(shi)化(hua)行業(ye)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)總投資25625億(yi)(yi)元(yuan),其(qi)中在(zai)建(jian)規劃項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)總投資16196億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。除山西、上海、寧夏(xia)、內(nei)蒙(meng)古自治區(qu)等外的23個省份均有(you)分布,山東省(sheng)石化項(xiang)目總數量及擬建項(xiang)目數均最(zui)多,其次是(shi)浙江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)和(he)廣(guang)東省(sheng),但從投資金額來(lai)看浙江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)居于首位,如圖1所示(shi)。從石化項目工藝技術來看,新項目主要以煉化一體化轉型升級(ji)、輕(qing)烴綜合利用項目為主。利用石腦油制烯烴、催化裂(lie)解制烯烴、原油直接裂(lie)解烯烴、丙烷脫氫制丙烯(PDH)等技術(shu),大幅(fu)增加乙(yi)烯、丙烯等高(gao)附加值化學品(pin)(pin)產量,大力發(fa)展高(gao)端(duan)聚烯烴、工程塑料PC、特種合成橡膠等精(jing)細(xi)化工品(pin)(pin)。從石化新增產能來看,上述202個項目原油一次加工能力22200萬噸/年,乙烯生產能力5168萬噸/年,芳烴生產能力3769萬噸/年,PDH產能2339萬噸/年,PP產能2329萬噸/年,PE產能1940萬噸/年,苯乙烯產能1034萬噸/年,環氧丙烷產能559萬噸/年。隨著大型煉化一體化項目集中上馬,中國烯烴、芳烴供應量會繼續增長,如此巨大的產能集中投放,勢必會引發產能過剩,其中在建的124個石化項目中,在建原油一次加工能力產能14300萬噸/年,在建乙烯生產能力2768萬噸/年,在建芳烴能力1970萬噸/年,在建PDH產能1231萬噸/年,在建PP產能1510萬噸/年,在建PE產能955萬噸/年。煉油行業產能過剩的壓力正向石化行業傳導,未來烯烴、芳烴等行業需防范產能過剩風險。
從石化項目發展歷程來看,中國煉油格局正在發生翻天覆地的變化,受市場需求、原料品質、工藝技術等條件限制,初期主要以油品質量升級路線為主。近年來無論是主營中石化、中石油,還是民營浙江石化、恒力石化(600346)、盛虹煉化、福建古雷、萬華化學(600309)等企業紛紛加快全產業鏈布局,大力發展“大乙烯+高端聚烯烴”或者“大乙烯+化工新材料”路線。
另(ling)外,在(zai)建(jian)的(de)124個石化項目中(zhong),衛星化學(002648)、東華能源(002221)、巨(ju)正源、齊翔騰(teng)達(da)(002408)、匯豐石化、萬達(da)天弘、福建(jian)中(zhong)景等(deng)一批民營企(qi)業聚(ju)焦(jiao)丙(bing)烷脫(tuo)氫(PDH)、聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)和環氧(yang)丙(bing)烷等(deng)領域(yu)。殼牌、巴(ba)斯夫、埃克森(sen)美孚、英力(li)士、利安德巴(ba)賽爾等(deng)外資(zi)企(qi)業布(bu)局中(zhong)國市場,在(zai)廣(guang)東、浙江、遼寧等(deng)省(sheng)通過獨資(zi)或(huo)者合資(zi)方(fang)式(shi)投資(zi)設廠,聚(ju)焦(jiao)高端聚(ju)烯(xi)烴彈(dan)性體、ABS、EVA等(deng)一批中(zhong)高端的(de)高附(fu)加(jia)值(zhi)產品(pin)領域(yu)。來源:化工365